Collectively, they were known as the European Communities. The Communities still had independent personalities although they were increasingly integrated. Future treaties granted the Community new powers beyond simple economic matters, edging closer to the goal of political integration and a peaceful, united Europe.
The s saw the first attempts at enlargement. The four countries resubmitted their applications on May 11, , and with Georges Pompidou succeeding Charles de Gaulle as French president in , the veto was lifted.
Nevertheless, two years later the accession treaties were signed and Denmark, Ireland, and the UK joined the Community effective January 1, The Norwegian people finally rejected membership in a referendum on September 25, Expansion of the European Communities, Countries colored green represent founding members of the EEC, and blue countries represent members added later.
The Treaties of Rome stated that the European Parliament must be directly elected; however, this required the Council to agree on a common voting system first. The Council procrastinated on the issue and the Parliament remained appointed.
Charles de Gaulle was particularly active in blocking the development of the Parliament, with it only being granted budgetary powers following his resignation. Parliament pressured for agreement and on September 20, , the Council agreed part of the necessary instruments for election, deferring details on electoral systems that remain varied to this day.
The new Parliament, galvanized by a direct election and new powers, started working full-time and became more active than previous assemblies. Greece applied to join the Community on June 12, , following the restoration of its democracy. Greece joined the Community effective January 1, Similarly, and after their own democratic restorations, Spain and Portugal applied to the communities in and joined together on January 1, We and our partners process data to: Actively scan device characteristics for identification.
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What Is the Maastricht Treaty? The Maastricht Treaty was responsible for the creation of the European Union and was approved by leaders of member states that made up the European Community in Lisbon Treaty The Lisbon Treaty updated regulations for the European Union, establishing a more centralized leadership and foreign policy. Partner Links. Related Articles. Henceforth, the Member States, acting within the Community institutional framework, applied both the method of supranational integration in connection with Community policies and the method of intergovernmental cooperation in connection with EPC in their areas of common activity.
Despite its title, the Single European Act did not lead to a merger of the various treaties. First and foremost, it was a treaty reforming the constituent treaties, and it consolidated, in a single act, the amendments to the treaties establishing the European Communities and the provisions on EPC.
With the entry into force on 1 November of the Treaty on European Union EU Treaty , two intergovernmental pillars were added to the Community pillar within a single institutional framework: the common foreign and security policy CFSP , which superseded EPC, and the policy of cooperation in the fields of justice and home affairs JHA. Within this complex system, the three Communities survived with distinct legal personalities until the expiry of the ECSC Treaty on 23 July Since then, only two Communities have constituted the Community pillar of the European Union.
With the EU Treaty, the EEC became known as the European Community EC in order to highlight the extension of its powers to non-economic areas such as education, culture and public health. The founding of the European Communities Context Resources The European Communities On 9 May , in Paris, in a speech inspired by Jean Monnet, Robert Schuman, French Foreign Minister, proposed that Franco-German production of coal and steel as a whole be placed under a common High Authority, within the framework of an organisation open to the participation of the other countries of Europe.
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